Sterilization in the operating room

Sterilization in the operating room is a fundamental process to ensure patient safety during surgery. It refers to the set of techniques and procedures used to eliminate or inactivate microorganisms present on surgical instruments, equipment and surfaces in the surgical area.

There are different sterilization methods that can be used in the operating room, including:

Steam sterilization: also known as autoclaving, this is one of the most commonly used methods in the operating room. It consists of subjecting instruments to high temperatures and pressure in the presence of steam, which eliminates microorganisms and, by sealing the bags, maintains sterility for up to 180 days.

Radiation sterilization: mainly used for disposable medical materials, such as gloves, syringes or lancets. Ionizing radiation, such as gamma rays or X-rays, is used to eliminate microorganisms.

It is important to note that sterilization in the operating room is only one part of the infection control process in the hospital environment. Strict hygiene measures, such as hand washing, use of sterile gowns and gloves, and proper cleaning and disinfection of the operating room and equipment, must also be followed. This helps prevent the transmission of infections during surgical procedures.